Immunomodulatory Effects of MDA-MB-231-derived Exosome Mimetic Nanovesicles on CD4+ T Cell Line
Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of MDA-MB-231 cells or MDA-MB231-derived exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NVs) on CD4+ Jurkat cells.
Methods: NVs were produced by the breakdown of MDA-MB-231 cells and the characterization of generated NVs were performed by using direct-ELISA and Flow cytometry methods. We co-cultured CD4+ Jurkat cells with MDA-MB-231 cells or MDA-MB-231-derived NVs for 48 h. Subsequently, expressions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and related transcription factors of CD4+ Jurkat cells were evaluated by qPCR method.
Results: Clustering, which is the indicator of activation, was not seen in the CD4+ Jurkat cells co-cultured with MDAMB-231 cells. However, CD4+ Jurkat cell clusters were observed in the co-culture experiments with all NV concentrations. In addition, it was determined that the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly increased while the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines was dramatically decreased in the NV-treated groups. On the contrary, opposite results were obtained in CD4+ Jurkat cells co-cultured with MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, TNF-α and Gata3 expressions were decreased in all groups.
Conclusion: These preliminary findings from in-vitro experiments suggested that NVs could be a potential tool in cancer immunotherapy, but our data need to be supported by more comprehensive studies.
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