AccScience Publishing / EJMO / Volume 7 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.14744/ejmo.2023.35261
REVIEW

The Real Mechanisms of Emodin Treating Lung Cancer Based on System Pharmacology

Fan Gao1,* Guixi Yan1,* Luyao Sun1 Haojie Xia1 Zhenzhen Guo1 Haihong Lin1 Gangjun Du1,2
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1 Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Henan, China
2 School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industry Technology, Henan, China *These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Submitted: 28 July 2022 | Accepted: 20 February 2023 | Published: 8 March 2023
© 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

In the world nowadays, cancer gradually becomes the first problem to public health and seriously threatens human life due to the high mortality and recurrence. In modern medical theory, cancer is considered as a genetic disease presenting either oncogene activation (OCG) or tumor suppressor gene (TSG) inactivation. Many clinical observations showed that the existing standard chemotherapies which target oncogenes and their related molecules have little benefit in improving survival, prognosis, recurrence and metastasis despite tumor size shrinkage. Compared with these routine treatment methods, the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cancer therapy based on TCM theory, in which the cancer initiation is regarded as disorder of human body system, focuses on the events impacting the gene rather than the gene itself. In fact, it is necessary but not sufficient for cancer initiation and progression to activate OCG or inactivate TSG, which exhibit oncogene or tumor-suppressor property depending on the biological context. In TCM theory, lung and large intestine are external-internal relations of each other, which are physiologically related and pathologically affected each other. Hence, the use of a classical laxative medicine rhubarb for lung cancer treatment is in line with TCM theory. Emodin as the major component of rhubarb represents the multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms of TCM in multiple disease treatment including anti-cancer. There are some reviews on microscopic and inner mechanisms of emodin in cancer treatment,
our previous study confirmed lung cancer-preventing effect of lung cancer. Here, we summarize the real mechanisms of emodin treating lung cancer based on system pharmacology, mainly focusing on the resolution of intrinsic pathological inducers, which will provide a solid foundation to understand cancer pathogenesis and formulate cancer therapy.

Keywords
Emodin
Lung cancer
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory
Conflict of interest
None declared.
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Eurasian Journal of Medicine and Oncology, Electronic ISSN: 2587-196X Print ISSN: 2587-2400, Published by AccScience Publishing