An Unusual Cystic Lesion, Parathyroid Cyst
Parathyroid cysts are rare benign lesions located in the cervical region or the upper part of the mediastinum. They comprise less than 1% of all cervical mass lesions and 0.5% to 1% of parathyroid lesions. Typically, they develop as cervical masses without symptoms, or they may be accidentally detected in imaging studies or surgeries performed for other reasons. Most cysts are not functional; however, 10% to 15% of patients show symptoms related to hyperparathyroidism and these cysts are defined as functional cysts. The treatment strategy changes according to whether or not the cyst is functional and the site of involvement. In 85% to 90% of cases, the cysts are located in the cervical region, most often in the inferior parathyroid glands. The significance of these cysts is in the diagnostic difficulties; generally, they are confused with thyroid pathologies and are therefore diagnosed during a surgical procedure. This report describes a 45-year-old male patient who was operated on with a diagnosis of cystic nodular goiter in the inferior part of the left lobe of the thyroid gland, who was later diagnosed with a parathyroid cyst according to the histopathological characteristics. Raising diagnostic awareness of parathyroid cysts and providing a review of the literature was the goal of this report.
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