Assessment of Water Pollution in an Industrial Area by Using Multi-Variant Analysis—A Case Study from Bollaram Area, Hyderabad, India
A number of chemical and pharmaceutical industries have been established since past three decades. Effluents from these industries are being directly discharged into surrounding land, irrigation fields and surface water bodies thereby contaminating the groundwater table.
Application of different multivariate statistical approaches is used to interpret the relationship between the specific process that control the quality of water in surface and ground water in Bollaram industrial town near Hyderabad (India). Thirteen parameters have been monitored on thirty eight sampling points from a survey conducted in surface and ground water. This data was analysed using statistical analysis (CA). Sr, Ba, Co, Ni and Cr were associated and controlled by mixed origin with similar contribution from anthropogenic and geogenic sources whereas Fe, Mn, As, Pb, Zn, B and Co were derived from anthropogenic activities. Statistical analysis showed good results rendering the three different groups for surface water and two groups for ground water of similarity between the sampling sites reflecting the different water quality parameters of the study area. This correlation identified with the processes of salinity, alkalinity and pollution which are considered as lithologically and non-lithologically controlled factors.
Aswathanarayana, U. (1995). Geoenvironment: An introduction. A.A.Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam.
APHA (1992). Standard method for examination of water and waste water. 17th edition. Washington D.C.
Carpenter, S.R., Caraco, N.F., Correll, D.L., Howarth, R.W., Sharpely, A.N. and V.H. Smith (1998). Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen. Ecological Applications, 8: 559-568.
Dipankar Saha, Dhar, Y.R. and P.K. Sikdar (2008). Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater in the Peistocene Aquifers of South Ganga Plain, Bihar. Jour. Geol. Soc., Ind., 71: 473-482.
Fergusson, J.E. (1990). The heavy element chemistry. In: Environmental impact and health effects. Fergusson, J.E.(ed.); Pergamon, New York.
Forstner, U.K. and G.T.W. Wittman (1981). Metal pollution in aquatic environment. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Govil, P.K., Reddy, G.L.N. and A.K. Krishna (2001). Contamination of soil due to heavy metals in the Bollaram industrial development area, Andhra Pradesh, India. Environmental Geology, 41: 461-469.
Gurunadha, Rao, V.V.S., Dhar, R.L. and K. Subhramanyam (2001). Assessment of contaminant migration in groundwater from an industrial development area, Medak district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 128: 369-389.
Zayed, J., Loranger, S. and G. Kennedy (1992). Variation of trace element concentrations in red spruce tree rings. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 65(314): 281-291.