Evaluating Traffic-related Near-road CO Dispersions on an Urban Road During Summer Season: A Model Inter-comparison
Three air pollution models, namely the ‘California Line Source’ (CALINE4) model, the ‘Unique Dispersion Model’ (UDM) and the ‘Simplified Type Dispersion Model’ (STM) have been analyzed for assessing the air pollutant concentration at one of the most congested traffic road in the city of New Delhi. The latter two models have been developed using the most influential input parameters of CALINE4 namely traffic flow and wind-speed observed by both sensitivity analysis and regression analysis studies. The model performance have been estimated and compared statistically with the traffic emitted airborne carbon monoxide (CO), the prevalent meteorology and the temporal distribution of the monitored hourly average CO concentrations in summer time. The study has displayed that the UDM model would generate better predictions as compared to other models for different meteorological and traffic conditions. The complete study reveals that the similarity between the monitored and the modelled CO concentrations have been reasonably satisfactory for UDM and CALINE4 models. Further detailed assessment confirms that the UDM model performed superior in comparison to the CALINE4.
Ahmad, S., Kidwai, F.A. and K. Ahmad (2018). Prediction and Analysis of near-road CO Concentrations due to Heterogeneous Traffic Using a Simplified-type Dispersion Model. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 154: 131–142.
ARAI (2008). Draft Report on Emission Factor Development for Indian Vehicles’, Report Submitted to CPCB/MoEF as a part of Ambient air quality monitoring and emission source apportion studies. Automotive Research Association of India, Pune, India.
Attri, S.D., Singh, S., Mukhopadhyay, B. and A.K. Bhatnagar (2008). Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India, Met Monograph No. Environment Meteorology-01/2008, Indian Meteorological Department, New Delhi, Govt. of India.
Azmi, S.Z., Latif, M.T., Ismail, A.S., Juneng, L. and A.A. Jemain (2010). Trend and status of air quality at three different monitoring stations in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Air QualAtmos Health., 3(1): 53–64.
Banerjee, T., Barman, S.C. and R.K. Srivastava (2011). Application of air pollution dispersion modeling for source-contribution assessment and model performance evaluation at integrated industrial estate-Pantnagar. Environmental Pollution, 159: 865–875.
Benson, P.E. (1992). A review of the development and application of the CALINE3 and -4 models. Atmos Environ, 26B(3): 379–390.
Benson, P.E. (1982). Modifications to the Gaussian vertical dispersion parameter, rz, near roadways. Atmos. Environ, 16: 1399–1405.
Benson, P.E. (1989). CALINE4 – A dispersion model for predicting air pollutant concentrations near roadways. California Department of Transportation. Report.
Bhanarkar, A., Rao, P.S., Gajghate, D. and P. Nema (2005). Inventory of SO2 , PM and toxic metals emissions from industrial sources in Greater Mumbai, India. Atmospheric Environment, 39(21): 3851–3864.
Chen, J., Avise, J., Guenther, A., Wiedinmyer, C., Salathe, E., Jackson, R.B. and B. Lamb (2009). Future land use and land cover influences on regional biogenic emissions and air quality in the United States. Atmos. Environ., 43: 5771–5780.
Chen, J., Avise, J., Lamb, B., Salathé, E., Mass, C., Guenther, A., Wiedinmyer, C., Lamarque, J.-F., O’Neill, S., McKenzie, D. and N. Larkin (2009). The effects of global changes upon regional ozone pollution in the United States. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9: 1125–1141.
Cox, W.M. and J.A. Tikvart (1990). A statistical procedure for determining the best performing air quality simulation model. Atmos. Environ., 24(A): 2387–2395.
CPCB (2000). Transportation Fuel Quality for Year 2005: Programme Objective Series, PROBES/78/2000-01, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, Govt. of India.
Dhyani, R. (2017). Performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis of vehicular pollution dispersion model under mixed traffic conditions. PhD Thesis. CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi.
Dhyani, R. and N. Sharma (2017). Sensitivity Analysis of CALINE4 Model under Mix Traffic Conditions. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 17: 314–329.
Draxler, R. (1976). Determination of atmospheric diffusion parameters. Atmos. Environ, 10: 99–105.
Duijm, N.J. and B. Carissimo (2002). Evaluation methodologies for dense gas dispersion models. In: The handbook of hazardous materials spills technology. M. Fingas (ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.