AccScience Publishing / AJWEP / Volume 12 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.3233/AJW-150022
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Surface Water Acidification due to Vehicular Industrial and Anthropogenic Activity: Bhubaneswar City—A Case Study

B.B. Kar1* R.P. Biswal1
Show Less
1 KIIT University, Bhubaneswar
AJWEP 2015, 12(4), 87–89; https://doi.org/10.3233/AJW-150022
Submitted: 21 March 2014 | Revised: 16 June 2015 | Accepted: 16 June 2015 | Published: 1 January 2015
© 2015 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

This paper presents the seasonal analysis reports of the chemistry of rainwater, surface water and fog  of Bhubaneswar city for three years, i.e., July 2008 to June 2011. In this study 838 rain water samples, 342  fog samples and 658 surface water samples have been collected from twelve different areas such as, Acharya  Vihar, Saheed Nagar, Bapuji Nagar, Forest Park, Nalco Chhak, Sailashree Vihar, Patia, Chandaka Forest range,  Baramunda, Khandagiri, Palaspalli and Kausalyaganga.The present study reports about the occurrence of acid  rain, formation of fog and smog and their rate of contamination to the surface water changing its pH and nutrient  content. The water sample collected from Acharya Vihar, Bapuji Nagar and Kausalyaganga area were found to  be highly acidic in nature (pH < 5.2). It has been observed that pH of the rain water varies within the range of  4.3 to 5.0 and fog water sample in the range of 4.2 to 4.8 respectively. It has been found that the water sample  obtained from other areas are slightly acidic in nature where the pH of the surface water remains in the range of  5.5 to 5.8. It has been observed that the water sample in high acidic area is found to be more loaded with heavy  metal in comparison to the water obtained from low acidic area. A correlation has been established by the critical  analysis of both the water samples (atmospheric and surface).

Keywords
Acidification
physico-chemical properties
fog sample
rainwater
surface water
contamination
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests
References

Akande, K., Hussain, S., Knox, J., Hess, T., Hooftman, D., Stratford, C., Schafer, S., Acreman, M. and F. Edwards (2013). The impacts of drought in England. Vivid Economics report to Defra.


Alexander, L.V. and P.D. Jones (2001). Updated precipitation series for the UK and discussion of recent extremes. Atmospheric Science Letters, 1(2): 142-150.


CEH/BGS (2012). Centre for Ecology & Hydrology/British Geological Survey. 2010-12. Hydrological Summaries for the UK.


Kendon, M.C., Marsh, T. and S. Parry (2013). The 2010-12 drought in England and Wales. Weather, 68(4): 88-95.


Marsh, T.J., Monkhouse, R.A., Arnell, N.W., Lees, M.L. and N.S. Reynard (1994). The 1988-92 Drought. Hydrological data UK series. Institute of Hydrology/British Geological Survey, Wallingford.


Marsh, T.J., Cole, G.A. and R.L. Wilby (2007). Major droughts in England and Wales 1800-2006. Weather, 62(4): 87-93.


Perry, M.C. and D.M. Hollis (2005). The generation of monthly gridded datasets for a range of climatic variables over the UK. International Journal of Climatology, 25(8): 1041-1054.


Rodda, J.C. and T.J. Marsh (2011). The 1975-76 drought: A contemporary and retrospective review. National Hydrological Monitoring Programme report.


Tabony, R.C. (1977). The variation of long duration rainfall over Great Britain. Meteorological Office Scientific Paper, No. 37.

Share
Back to top
Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, Electronic ISSN: 1875-8568 Print ISSN: 0972-9860, Published by AccScience Publishing