Enhanced Water Quality Modelling for Optimal Control of Drainage Systems under SWMM Constraint Handling Approach
Phosphorus and nitrogen are two important nutrients to plants. Therefore, fertilizers usually used in agricultural lands hold a significant amount of phosphorus and nitrogen. Even though these two are essential for plants, they are treated as pollutants when they are contaminated to the fresh waters. Therefore, phosphorus in stormwater runoff is a concerned topic for combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Rathnayake and Tanyimboh’s optimal control model was capable of handling five different water quality parameters (chemical oxygen demand, bio-chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total Kjeldhal nitrogen and nitrates and nitrites) in CSOs. However, the enhanced approach is capable of integrating phosphorus concentrations into the analysis of water quality from CSOs. The new optimal control model for drainage systems was run and compared against the previous work by the author. Promising findings are illustrated from the newly developed model in controlling drainage systems.
Benedetti, L., Bixio, D. and P.A. Vanrolleghem (2006). Benchmarking of WWTP design by assessing costs, effluent quality and process variability. Water Science and Technology, 54(10): 95-102.
Deb, K., Pratap A, Agarwal S. and T. Meyarivan (2002). A fast and elitist multi-objective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 6(2): 182-197.
Duncan, P.H. (1999). Urban stormwater quality: A statistical overview. Report-Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, 99/3, ISBN 1876006455, Australia.
Goll, D.S., Brovkin, V., Parida, B.R., Reick, C.H., Kattge, J., Reich, P.B., Van Bodegom, P.M. and U. Niinemets (2012). Nutrient limitation reduces land carbon uptake in simulations with a model of combined carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Biogeosciences, 9: 3547-3569.
Kim, M., Rao, S. and C. Yoo (2009). Dual optimization strategy for N and P removal in a biological wastewater treatment plant. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 48: 6363-6371.
Rathnayake, U. (2014a). Migrating storms and optimal control of urban sewer networks. Journal of Water Science and Technology (under review).
Rathnayake, U. (2014b). Optimal control of urban sewer systems under enhanced water quality modeling. Journal of Water Science and Technology (under review).
Rathnayake, U. and Tanyimboh T.T. (2014). Multi-objective optimization of combined sewer systems using SWMM 5.0. 13th International conference on urban drainage (13ICUD), Sarawak, Malaysia.
Rathnayake, U.S. and Tanyimboh T.T. (2012a). Optimal control of combined sewer systems using SWMM5.0. WIT transactions on the Built Environment, 122: 87-96.
Rathnayake, U.S. and Tanyimboh T.T. (2012b). Integrated optimal control of urban wastewater systems. IWA World Congress on Water, Climate and Energy, Dublin, Ireland, 13-18 May 2012.
Rathnayake, U.S. and Tanyimboh T.T. (2012c). Multi-objective optimization of urban wastewater systems. 10th International conference on Hydroinfomatics (HIC2012), Hamburg, Germany, 14-18 July 2012.
Rossman, L.A. (2009). US EPA SWMM 5.0 User’s Manual EPA/600/R-05/040. Water Supply and Water Resources Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, USA.
Sharpley, A.N. and Smith S.J. (1990). Phosphorus transport in agricultural runoff: The role of soil erosion. In: Soil erosion on agricultural land (Editors: Boardman, J., Foster, J.D.L. and Dearing, J.A.). Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the British Geomorphological Research Group, Coventry.
Thomas, N.S. (2000). Optimal pollution control models for interceptor sewer systems. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Liverpool, UK.