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Organoids: Current status and prospects (2025)
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1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong,
China
2 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs–Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, The European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães,
Portugal
3 ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães,
Portugal
OR, 025140014 https://doi.org/10.36922/OR025140014
Received: 2 April 2025 | Revised: 4 August 2025 | Accepted: 11 August 2025 | Published online: 30 December 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract
Organoids have attracted increasing attention from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies. At the turn of 2025–2026, we review recent breakthroughs in organoid technology and outline the major challenges currently faced in the field. We encourage broader participation to advance organoid technologies, overcome key bottlenecks, and further enable applications in disease research and innovative drug development.
Keywords
Organoid
Progress
Bottlenecks
Drug development
Funding
None.
Conflict of interest
Rui L. Reis is the Honorary Editor-in-Chief of this journal, but was not in any way involved in the editorial and peer-review process conducted for this paper, directly or indirectly. Separately, other authors declared that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
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