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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

A trabeculae-like biomimetic bone-filling material as a potential organoid for bone defect treatment

Fanjin Meng1 ,  Yang Yu2 ,  Jinshu Yu1 ,  Hong Chen1 ,  Yuwen Ma1 ,  Yonghao Chen1 ,  Yan Wang1 ,  Jingjing Jiang1 ,  Xi He1 ,  Zhongyan Zhan1 ,  Pingping Yan1 ,  Jing Wen3 ,  Lijuan Zhang3 ,  Bing Yang4 ,  Wei Chen5 ,  Airong Qian6 ,  Xiaolan Guo1,3 ,  Qi Liang1,3* ,  Guangrong Wang1,3* ,  Bin Guo1,3* ,  Chong Yin1,3*
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1 School of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
2 Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
4 Department of Public Health, International School, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand
5 Xinjiang Huashidan Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
6 Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
OR, 025040003 https://doi.org/10.36922/OR025040003
Submitted: 30 September 2024 | Revised: 19 February 2025 | Accepted: 14 March 2025 | Published: 18 April 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Bone-filling materials are critical tools for the treatment of bone defects. However, existing materials require improvements in tissue compatibility and drug-loading capacity. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel trabeculae-like biomimetic bone-filling material (TBM) that mimics the composition and structure of natural bone trabecular tissue. This TBM demonstrated high mechanical strength and excellent biocompatibility. It effectively embedded osteogenic cells and potentially functioned as an organoid. We demonstrated that the TBM exhibited therapeutic efficacy in treating various bone defects and fractures by filling defect regions and enabling sustained release of small-molecule and nucleic acid drugs. Based on these findings, we propose TBM as a promising candidate for the treatment of bone defects and provide innovative insights for the development of bone-filling materials.

Graphical abstract
Keywords
Bone-filling material
Organoid
Bone defect
Tissue engineering
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82272436, 32371371), Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2023NSFSC1743), the Science and Technology innovation talent Program of Xinjiang Tianshan talented youth top talent project, the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2022D01F49), ‘Take the Lead’ Program of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (2022JB007), Clinical Research Program of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (2021LC008), School-level Research Development Program of North Sichuan Medical University (CBY20-QA-Y10, CBY20-QA-Y35), Scientific Development Program of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (2023PTZK018), Open Project of Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging in North Sichuan Medical College (MIKL202313), the Doctoral Research Startup Fund Project of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (BS10001, CBY19-QD01), and the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of North Sichuan Medical College (202310634025, S202310634098).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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